BUS: A bus is a
subsystem that is used to connect computer components and transfer data between
them.
Bus can be classified into three types,
as:
(i) Data bus
(ii) Address bus
(iii) Control bus
(i) Data bus: Data
bus is the most common type of bus. It is used to transfer data between
different components of computer. The number of lines in data bus affects the
speed of data transfer between different components. The data bus consists of
8, 16, 32 or 64 lines. A 64-line data bus can transfer 64 bits of data at one
time.
The data bus lines are bi-directional. It means that
CPU can read data from memory using these lines. CPU can write data to memory
locations using these lines.
(ii) Address bus: Many
components are connected to one another through buses. Each component is
assigned a unique ID. This ID is called the address of that component. The
address bus is a unidirectional bus. It can carry information only in one
direction. It carries address of memory location from microprocessor to the
main memory.
(iii) Control bus: Control
bus is used to transmit different commands or control signals from one
component to another component. Suppose CPU wants to read data from main
memory. It will use control is also used to transmit control signals like ASKS
(Acknowledgement Signals).
Ø Timing
information
Ø Command
signal
 |
| The three types of BUS |
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