Functional
units:
Figure:
 |
| Basic functional units of a computer |
Input
device: Input unit receive both data and program statements
to function properly and be able to solve problems feeding data and programs.
Example:
Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner.
Memory
unit: It store programs and data two classes of storage,
primary storage and secondary storage. Faster programs must be stored in memory
while they are being executed large number of semiconductor storage cells
processed in words address RAM and memory access time memory hierarchy cache,
main memory secondary storage larger and cheaper.
CPU:
The brain of a computer system is the central processing unit (CPU). Computer
center of the system processes data transferred to it from one to various input
devices consists of a control section an arithmetic logic section and an
internal storage section central processing unit.
ALU:
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) most computer operations are executed in ALU.
Perform all arithmetic calculation and take logical decisions. Tests various conditions
encountered during processing and takes action based on the result.
Control
Unit: Control unit all computer operation is controlled
by the control unit. The control section directs the flow of traffic and data.
Output
Devices: Output devices connect information coming from a
computer system into some form perceptible by human.
Example:
Monitor.
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